TY  - JOUR
U1  - Zeitschriftenartikel, wissenschaftlich - begutachtet (reviewed)
A1  - Giraldo-Osorio, Juan Diego
A1  - Trujillo-Osorio, David Enrique
A1  - Baez-Villanueva, Oscar Manuel
ED  - Curtis, Scott
T1  - Analysis of ENSO-Driven Variability, and Long-Term Changes, of Extreme Precipitation Indices in Colombia, Using the Satellite Rainfall Estimates CHIRPS
JF  - Water
N2  - Climate change includes the change of the long-term average values and the change of the tails of probability density functions, where the extreme events are located. However, obtaining average values are more straightforward than the high temporal resolution information necessary to catch the extreme events on those tails. Such information is difficult to get in areas lacking sufficient rain stations. Thanks to the development of Satellite Precipitation Estimates with a daily resolution, this problem has been overcome, so Extreme Precipitation Indices (EPI) can be calculated for the entire Colombian territory. However, Colombia is strongly affected by the ENSO (El Niño—Southern Oscillation) phenomenon. Therefore, it is pertinent to ask if the EPI’s long-term change due to climate change is more critical than the anomalies due to climate variability induced by the warm and cold phases of ENSO (El Niño and La Niña, respectively). In this work, we built EPI annual time series at each grid-point of the selected Satellite Precipitation Estimate (CHIRPSv2) over Colombia to answer the previous question. Then, the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test was used to compare the samples drawn in each case (i.e., change tests due to both long-term and climatic variability). After performing the analyses, we realized that the importance of the change depends on the region analyzed and the considered EPI. However, some general conclusions became evident: during El Niño years (La Niña), EPI’s anomaly follows the general trend of reduction -drier conditions- (increase; -wetter conditions-) observed in Colombian annual precipitation amount, but only on the Pacific, the Caribbean, and the Andean region. In the Eastern plains of Colombia (Orinoquía and Amazonian region), EPI show a certain insensitivity to change due to climatic variability. On the other hand, EPI’s long-term changes in the Pacific, the Caribbean, and the Andean region are spatially scattered. Still, long-term changes in the eastern plains have a moderate spatial consistency with statistical significance.
KW  - Klimaänderung
KW  - Colombia
KW  - Extreme Precipitation Index (EPI)
KW  - Long-Term Change
KW  - Climate Change
KW  - Climate Variability
KW  - Satellite Precipitation Estimate (SPE)
KW  - CHIRPS
KW  - Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon Test
KW  - Trend Analysis
KW  - Trendanalyse
Y1  - 2022
UN  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-epub4-20011
SN  - 2073-4441
SS  - 2073-4441
U6  - https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111733
DO  - https://doi.org/10.3390/w14111733
VL  - 14
IS  - 11
SP  - 33
S1  - 33
PB  - MDPI
ER  -