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Infectious RNA: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Biology, Therapeutic Intervention, and the Quest for a Vaccine

  • Different mechanisms mediate the toxicity of RNA. Genomic retroviral mRNA hijacks infected host cell factors to enable virus replication. The viral genomic RNA of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encompasses nine genes encoding in less than 10 kb all proteins needed for replication in susceptible host cells. To do so, the genomic RNA undergoes complex alternative splicing to facilitate the synthesis of the structural, accessory, and regulatory proteins. However, HIV strongly relies on the host cell machinery recruiting cellular factors to complete its replication cycle. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) targets different steps in the cycle, preventing disease progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The comprehension of the host immune system interaction with the virus has fostered the development of a variety of vaccine platforms. Despite encouraging provisional results in vaccine trials, no effective vaccine has been developed, yet. However, novel promising vaccine platforms are currently under investigation.

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Metadaten
Author:Yasemin van Heuvel, Stefanie Schatz, Jamila Franca Rosengarten, Jörn Stitz
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-epub4-19595
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14020138
ISSN:2072-6651
Parent Title (English):Toxins
Publisher:MDPI
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of first Publication:2022/02/14
Date of Publication (online):2022/05/10
GND-Keyword:Antiretrovirale Substanz; HIV; Retroviren
Tag:Antiretroviral Therapy (ART); HIV; HIV Vaccines; Retroviruses; Virus Replication; mRNA Splicing
Volume:14
Issue:2
Article Number:138
Page Number:26
Institutes:Angewandte Naturwissenschaften (F11)
Dewey Decimal Classification:600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften
Open Access:Open Access
DeepGreen:DeepGreen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International