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Membrane Distillation for the Production of Pharmaceutical-Grade Water—Investigation into the Application of AGMD and VMD

  • The production of pharmaceutical ingredients, intermediates and final products strongly depends on the utilization of water. Water is also required for the purification and preparation of reagents. Each specific application determines the respective water quality. In the European Union, the European Pharmacopeia (Ph. Eur.) contains the official standards that assure quality control of pharmaceutical products during their life cycle. According to this, the production of water for pharmaceutical use is mainly based on multi-stage distillation and membrane processes, especially, reverse osmosis. Membrane distillation (MD) could be an alternative process to these classical methods. It offers advantages in terms of energy demand and a compact apparatus design. In the following study, the preparation of pharmaceutical-grade water from tap water in a one-step process using MD is presented. Special emphasis is placed on the performance of two different module designs and on the selection of optimum process parameters.

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Metadaten
Author:Cornelius Nellessen, Thomas Klein, Hans-Jürgen Rapp, Frank Rögener
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-epub4-17092
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116058
ISSN:1660-4601
Parent Title (English):International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher:MDPI
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of first Publication:2021/06/04
Date of Publication (online):2021/11/11
GND-Keyword:Wasser
Tag:AGMD; Membrane Distillation; Pharmaceutical-Grade Water; Pure Water; VMD
Volume:18
Issue:11
Article Number:6058
Page Number:18
Institutes:Anlagen, Energie- und Maschinensysteme (F09) / Fakultät 09 / Institut Anlagen und Verfahrenstechnik
Dewey Decimal Classification:500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
Open Access:Open Access
DeepGreen:DeepGreen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International