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The Role of Renewable Energies, Storage and Sector-Coupling Technologies in the German Energy Sector under Different CO2 Emission Restrictions

  • This study aimed to simulate the sector-coupled energy system of Germany in 2030 with the restriction on CO2 emission levels and to observe how the system evolves with decreasing emissions. Moreover, the study presented an analysis of the interconnection between electricity, heat and hydrogen and how technologies providing flexibility will react when restricting CO2 emissions levels. This investigation has not yet been carried out with the technologies under consideration in this study. It shows how the energy system behaves under different set boundaries of CO2 emissions and how the costs and technologies change with different emission levels. The study results show that the installed capacities of renewable technologies constantly increase with higher limitations on emissions. However, their usage rates decreases with low CO2 emission levels in response to higher curtailed energy. The sector-coupled technologies behave differently in this regard. Heat pumps show similar behaviour, while the electrolysers usage rate increases with more renewable energy penetration. The system flexibility is not primarily driven by the hydrogen sector, but in low CO2 emission level scenarios, the flexibility shifts towards the heating sector and electrical batteries.
Metadaten
Author:Arjuna Nebel, Julián Cantor, Sherif Salim, Amro Salih, Dixit Patel
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:832-epub4-20371
DOI:https://doi.org/10.3390/su141610379
ISSN:2071-1050
Parent Title (English):Sustainability
Publisher:MDPI
Editor:Mouloud Denai, Mustapha Hatti, Azeddine Draou, Pedram Asef
Document Type:Article
Language:English
Date of first Publication:2022/08/20
Date of Publication (online):2022/11/08
GND-Keyword:Erneuerbare Energien; Sektorkopplung
Tag:CO; Multi Objective Optimisation; PyPSA; Renewable Energy Penetration; Renewable Technologies; Sector Coupling
Volume:14
Issue:16
Page Number:18
Institutes:Anlagen, Energie- und Maschinensysteme (F09) / Fakultät 09 / Cologne Institute for Renewable Energy
Dewey Decimal Classification:500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
Open Access:Open Access
DeepGreen:DeepGreen
Licence (German):License LogoCreative Commons - CC BY - Namensnennung 4.0 International