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The Highland Plateau region, in San Luis Potosí, involves particular dynamics and needs from those presented within the rest of the state; its culture, vocation, mineral resources and territory, converge to give rise to a unique and particular region. The connectivity within the region has been decisive for its development, since two of the largest and most important national roads in go through this territory.
Despite comprehending about a half of the state's territory, this region has not managed to truly influence the state statistics neither economically nor socially; on the contrary, the employment rate has significantly decreased significantly, and also its population number.
Accordingly, this research aims to analyze the connectivity system within this region to strengthen and complement the development tools of these communities in a sustainable manner and, in this way, increase the welfare of the Highland Plateau population.
Throughout this investigation, it will be possible to understand how the location of this physical network, as well as for the use of resources for the satisfaction of the inhabitants, has been reflected in the communities within this region. Likewise, the statements made by state directors in charge of the economy, road network and social development within the region, will be studied. These statements will also be combined with a “functional grid analysis”, the connectivity between communities and their basic needs.
Desarrollo de Competencias para la Sustentabilidad, a través del Aprendizaje Basado en Escenarios
(2018)
La sustentabilidad, planteada como concepto y solución estratégica frente a la crisis contemporánea, supone diversos retos para la humanidad entre los que se encuentra la formación de individuos capaces de afrontar la complejidad de la problemática ambiental, así como de visualizar y desarrollar una sociedad libre, justa y en equilibrio.
Con el propósito de coadyuvar a dicho cambio, el presente trabajo se propuso investigar la contribución del Aprendizaje Basado en Escenarios al desarrollo de competencias para la sustentabilidad, tanto desde el punto de vista conceptual como práctico, diseñando un recurso educativo y realizando una prueba piloto en estudiantes de la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Los objetivos específicos fueron: (1) Identificar, seleccionar y formular el análisis sistémico de dos casos, uno en México y otro en Alemania, para mostrar la complejidad de la relación entre dimensiones de la sustentabilidad y los desafíos a los que se enfrentan los actores en la gestión de esta y, (2) Diseñar y probar un recurso educativo en torno a su contribución al desarrollo de las competencias de pensamiento crítico y pensamiento sistémico.
La prueba piloto del recurso educativo se realizó con un grupo multidisciplinario, integrando estudiantes de las licenciaturas: Ciencias de la Comunicación, Ciencias Ambientales y Salud, Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Psicología y Psicopedagogía.
Con base en entrevistas de valoración se llegó a la conclusión de que el aprendizaje basado en escenarios si permitió contribuir al desarrollo de competencias para la sustentabilidad. Los dos casos seleccionados: Río Rin y Río Verde resultaron eficaces al evidenciar la complejidad, así mismo, advirtieron los desafíos que resultan de la gestión de la sustentabilidad de ambos, mostrándose análogos. Por último, cabe mencionar que el desarrollo de la competencia interpersonal (diálogo y colaboración principalmente) que no estaba dentro de los objetivos de la tesis, se evidenció a partir de las entrevistas la valoración.
Plants have certain characteristics which allow them to respond to various environmental conditions, like changes in climate, water loss in the soil, lack of minerals; among others. In some of these so-called traits, the responses to climatic phenomena such as drought can be evidenced through morphological adaptations (spines, succulent tissues, trichomes, among others) or physiological adaptations (regulation of water potential at the cellular level, the concentration of nutrients, etc.)
In certain areas of Brazil such as the Mata Atlântica biome, drought events are increasingly occurring and affecting human activities and the environment, and it is required to understand if tree species with traits adapted to dry conditions are occurring in drought-prone areas. For this reason, it is intended to find out the potential of using morphological functional traits of woody species as indicators of dry conditions in the transition zone of the Atlantic Forest. RJ Brazil.
Therefore, this work was carried out considering a field phase in a drought-prone area known as “Mata de Tabuleiros” or Semideciduous Seasonal Lowland Forest that belongs to the domain of the Mata Atlântica, there were selected morphological traits in order to know which of them can give a hint as drought tolerant traits. On the other side, there was searched in the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden JABOT database for species with recorded characteristics related to drought adaptations. For the traits in the field, and the selected species from the database was elaborated a Species Distribution Model SDM in order to know how some climatic variables allow the distribution of species and morphological traits.
As main result there was elaborated a set of trait indicators that can be considered for further analysis in the region; and also the results of the SDM obtained at large scale for the Mata Atlântica for the species selected from the database, and the SDM for the traits analyzed in the field in the Mata de Tabuleiros. Besides that, the consultations with experts in the subject were an important input that allowed to carry out this research. The use of morphological and functional traits is important to understand the interactions between organisms and their environment, in this case, to cope and tolerate a climate phenomenon like drought.
Keywords: Mata de Tabuleiros, Drought tolerance, Morphological traits, Species Distribution Modeling
Food insecurity, poor nutrition and poverty are closely linked and entail adverse consequences for the health and well-being of children and adults. They constitute major constraints to development efforts as they can imply lifelong negative effects on human development with impairments on physical and mental capacities of a population, resulting in an overall lower productivity and economic growth potential.
Urban agriculture has been advocated as a strategy to improve food security. This paper exemplifies an urban gardening project that addresses food security and economic resilience of the Syrian refugees and vulnerable Lebanese host communities executed in the suburbs of Beirut. The hypothesis underpinning this study is that urban agriculture holds the potential to contribute to increased food security and reduced urban poverty, by increasing the availability and accessibility to a variety of fresh foods that are rich in vital nutrients and by functioning as a source of livelihoods and income.
The brutality of the Syrian Civil War, it’s massive damage and destruction of housing and persecutions for ethnic cleansing led more than a quarter of its originally 24 million inhabitants to seek safety in neighboring countries and Europe. The war has severely hampered the stability and development throughout the region as hundreds of thousands of refugees have fled to neighboring countries where they often compete with host communities over housing, labor, water, food and land. In relative numbers the biggest burden fell on the riparian country Lebanon, currently holding the highest ratio of refugees to nationals in the world. The small Arab country has already been suffering from many pre-existing challenges as food insecurity and widespread poverty.
The high dependence on food assistance, limited access to income and uncertainties on the amount of food aid provided in each upcoming year, all contribute to an unstable and low food security status of Syrian refugee households in Lebanon with spill overs to vulnerable host communities. In 2017, 91% of Syrian families residing in Lebanon remained food insecure to some degree and the share of household’s falling into severe food insecurity keeps increasing with every year.
These numbers provide clear evidence that current efforts of providing food assistance are not sufficient to combat the repercussions of the crisis and get the situation under control.
The paper displays the impact of the urban gardening project on the food security and economic resilience of participating household’s, as well as lessons learned on the project design during and after the implementation phase. The sampling frame is comprised of Syrian and Lebanese families participating in the project. Primary data were derived from a survey using a questionnaire with a sample size of 41 households. The findings aim to enable stakeholders to improve the performance of similar projects in the future and support relevant government authorities, international aid institutions, non-profits and the civic society towards creating sustainable long-term solutions to increase the self-reliance of refugees by providing insights of the suitability of UA for multiple objectives and by highlighting potential challenges and risks.
With a rapidly growing population and urbanization, most modern slums (favelas) also proliferated in Brazil since the 1950s when many people left rural areas of Brazil and moved into the cities. Rio de Janeiro is one of those cities having a vast amount of favelas with poor living conditions. One of the main problems of electricity supply in favelas is illegal electricity use, called ‘Gato’ in Portuguese. Recent unexpected severe drought, economic crisis, and rapidly increased electricity price in Brazil affected the reliable supply of affordable electricity in favelas.
Considering abundant solar radiation of the country and the government’s willingness trying to shift the framework of energy supply from hydropower to renewable energy, this study analyzes the solar PV potentials to ensure a reliable supply of affordable electricity in favelas in Rio de Janeiro.
Literature reviews regarding solar PV development in Brazil, energy policy analysis in Brazil and electricity issues in favelas are revised. As a case study, the chosen favela ‘Babilônia’ is presented. The survey analysis about electricity consumption situation with social dimension targeting residences in Babilônia is implemented. Lastly, through economic analyses with cost-benefit calculation such as Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Net Present Value (NPV), Discounted Cash Flow, Payback period, Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and Weighted-Average Cost of Capital (WACC) models, this study develops the possible financing alternatives to implement a solar PV project with different scenario analyses in the current solar PV market and solar energy policy of Brazil.
The results of this study can be used as an aid to comprehend the electricity supply issue of the most vulnerable class in Brazil and the solar PV as a solution.
Am Phänomen der weiblichen Sexarbeit entzünden sich in Deutschland immer wieder heftige Debatten, welche vor allem Fragen rund um Geschlecht und Sexualität verhandeln. Häufig werden diese Debatten moralisch aufgeladen und unsachlich geführt, was eine differenzierte Einschätzung der Thematik erschwert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die gegenwärtig dominierenden Perspektiven dahingehend analysiert, welche geschlechtertheoretischen Annahmen ihnen zugrunde liegen und welche Leerstellen und Verkürzungen sie jeweils mit sich bringen. Ausgehend von Andrea Maihofers Ansatz, Geschlecht als hegemonialen Diskurs und gesellschaftlich-kulturelle Existenzweise zu begreifen, wird anschließend dargelegt, wie komplex und widersprüchlich sich das Phänomen der weiblichen Sexarbeit im Kontext der bestehenden Geschlechterordnung darstellt und wie schwierig eine eindeutige und abschließende Beurteilung ist.
Der rasch anwachsenden Verbreitung digitaler Spiele kommt für die Soziale Arbeit eine zunehmende Bedeutung zu. Dabei ist dieses Medium als Ganzes durch tiefgreifende geschlechtsspezifische Disparitäten geprägt: Männlichkeit wird gemäß tradierten Rollenbildern mit Überlegenheit und Dominanz verknüpft; Weiblichkeit auf verschiedene Weisen marginalisiert, auf Stereotype reduziert und ausgegrenzt.
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht, wie Mädchen und Frauen als Spielerinnen sowie als Spielcharaktere in Action-, Adventure- und Rollenspielen überwiegend zu Randfiguren degradiert und durch ihre sexualisierte Darstellung als Objekte männlicher Schaulust objektifiziert werden. Dazu werden empirische Daten von Untersuchungen aus dem hiesigen und angloamerikanischen Raum mit den Konzepten des männlichen Habitus nach Bourdieu bzw. der hegemonialen Männlichkeit von Connell sowie der Darstellung von Mulvey zum männlichen Blick verknüpft.
Schließlich werden im Text auch die Phänomene der Ausgrenzung von Spielerinnen bei Multiplayer-Online-Spielen beleuchtet und mit den Ausführungen von Meuser zur kompetitiven Struktur des männlichen Habitus in Verbindung gebracht bzw. erklärt.
Die hier gesammelten Erkenntnisse können als Türöffner für die Arbeit mit Jugendlichen und als Basis für den gendersensiblen Umgang mit dem Thema „Digitale Spiele“ in pädagogischen Zusammenhängen dienen.
Since the development of eGovernment systems is gaining worldwide momentum, the European Union is constantly increasing its efforts to induce the development of eGovernment systems in its member states. The currently running strategy is the ’eGovernment Action Plan 2016-2020’, which understands itself as a catalyst for developments in the member states.
Despite these ongoing efforts by the European Union regarding eGovernment, stud- ies are repeatedly revealing that the quality and acceptance by the citizens of dig- ital public services are varying heavily within the EU. Being based on the same political guidelines provided by the EU, the national strategies implemented the core principles to different degrees. These different implementation rates, analyzed for Germany, the United Kingdom and Estonia, supplement the holistic analysis of the eGovernment policies, applications and usage in each member state. This gets proven by the connection of this indicator with related studies in the field of eGov- ernment applications and usage within the European Union.
The aim of this thesis is, on the one hand, to quantify differences in the implementa- tion of the ’eGovernment Action Plan 2016-2020’ into national policies in Germany, the UK and Estonia and, on the other hand, establish this indicator as a valuable asset for evaluating and monitoring the eGovernment efforts by the EU member states.
Cloud Computing hat sich hinsichtlich der Digitalisierung zu einer Basistechnologie entwickelt. Das Marktvolumen der Cloud-Technologie ist in den vergangenen Jahren kontinuierlich gestiegen. Hybride IT-Umgebungen mit Cloud- und On-Premise Anwendungen werden von den Unternehmen zunehmend bevorzugt. Eines der größten Hürden von hybriden Architekturen ist derzeit die Integration von heterogenen Umgebungen, die immer mehr und mehr an Bedeutung gewinnt. Zudem wird mit dem vermehrten Einsatz von Cloud-Services die IT-Infrastruktur der Unternehmen immer komplexer. Mithilfe von hybriden Integrationsplattformen kann diese Herausforderung erfolgreich bewältigt werden. Die vorliegende Ausarbeitung gibt den Unternehmen einen Leitfaden, welche die hybride Integration mithilfe von cloudbasierten Integrationsplattformen meistern können.
Vergleich verschiedener Lernmethoden neuronaler Netze bei der Analyse von „Social Media“ Inhalten
(2018)
The goal of this bachelor thesis was the comparison of different learning methods in neural networks. The methods were applied to detect hate posts on social media plat-forms like twitter. To achieve this, a supervised Recurrent Neural Network and a self-supervised Word2Vec model were implemented. The results of both implementations show the importance of choosing the correct dataset and a learning method generating significant results. The problems of both implementations were identified and formulated into possible solutions to achieve more accurate predictions in future. This thesis is of high interest for students and developers in the area of sentiment analysis.